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Objective:To compare the clinical value of CTA and CDU in perforator flap of peroneal artery.Methods:From February 2013 to October 2016, 47 patients who suffered with soft tissue defects and were hospitalised in the Department of Orthopaedics, the 920th Hospital of Joint Logistic Support Force of Chinese PLA were retrospectively reviewed and evaluated. All the defects were reconstructed by the perforator flap of peroneal artery. All patients received preoperative CTA and CDU scans before surgery. Appropriate perforator vessels were selected and the locating points in body surface and external diameters of the perforator vessels were recorded and compared with intraoperative findings. SPSS 22.0 statistical software was used for data analysis. P<0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results:The intraoperative coincidence rate of the proposed perforator vessels was 97.87% for CDU and 95.74% for CTA, with no significant difference between the 2 groups( P>0.05). It was found that the preoperative CTA and CDU measurements were consistent with the actual intraoperative measurements, and there was no significant difference between the 2 groups( P>0.05). For CTA combined with CDU, an intraoperative coincidence rate was 100% in the location of peroneal perforating vessels. All flaps were followed-up for 1 to 18(mean 13.5) months. All the flaps survived well with good texture and appearance without complication. Conclusion:CDU and CTA are reliable and useful in preoperative vascular evaluation of peroneal perforator flap, and both can be used in a complementary or combined manner.
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Objective:To investigate the effects of nutritional support on chemotherapeutic efficacy and safety in patients with acute myeloid leukemia.Methods:A total of 130 patients with acute myeloid leukemia who received treatment in Lishui Municipal Central Hospital from January 2021 to December 2021 were included in this study. They were divided into a control group and an observation group ( n = 65/group) according to different nutritional support methods. Patients in the control group were given routine intervention, while patients in the observation group were given nutritional support based on routine intervention. These two interventions were administered till 1 month after chemotherapy. Chemotherapeutic efficacy and safety were compared between the two groups. Results:Total response rate in the observation group was significantly higher than that in the control group [92.3% (60/65) vs. 78.5% (51/65), Z = 4.91, P < 0.05]. After chemotherapy, waist-to-hip ratio, arm girth, and body mass index in the observation group were (0.9 ± 0.1), (25.7 ± 1.2) cm, (21.9 ± 2.1) kg/m 2, respectively, which were significantly greater than (0.8 ± 0.1), (24.4 ± 1.1) cm, (20.6 ± 2.1) kg/m 2 in the control group, respectively ( t = 4.13, 6.63, 3.64, all P < 0.05). Transferrin, albumin, prealbumin, and total serum protein in the observation group were (1.4 ± 0.3) g/L, (27.5 ± 3.1) g/L, (171.3 ± 11.3) mg/L, and (61.2 ± 4.3) g/L, respectively, which were significantly higher than (1.3 ± 0.3) g/L, (25.2 ± 2.9) g/L, (154.3 ± 10.3) mg/L, (56.6 ± 4.0) g/L respectively in the control group ( t = 2.24, 4.48, 8.93, 6.31, all P < 0.05). The scores of emotional state, social status, role cognition, and somatic perception in the observation group were (57.5 ± 4.6) points, (64.5 ± 3.8) points, (56.5 ± 4.1) points, (62.0 ± 4.2) points, which were significantly higher than (47.9 ± 4.2) points, (56.4 ± 3.2) points, (47.7 ± 4.5) points, (55.5 ± 5.4) points in the control group ( t = 12.34, 13.04, 11.55, 7.65, all P < 0.05). The total incidence of adverse reactions in the observation group was 9.2% (6/65), which was significantly lower than 24.6% (16/65) in the control group ( χ2 = 4.43, P < 0.05). Conclusion:Nutritional support can substantially improve chemotherapeutic efficacy in the treatment of acute myeloid leukemia, decrease the incidence of adverse reactions, and is safe. Therefore, nutritional support for patients with acute myeloid leukemia deserves clinical promotion.
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OBJECTIVE@#To carry out prenatal diagnosis for families with high risk for spinal muscular atrophy (SMA) by using multiplex ligation-dependent probe amplification (MLPA).@*METHODS@#Twenty-one families were enrolled. MLPA was used to detect copy numbers of SMN1 and SMN2 genes. Maternal contamination was excluded by using a short tandem repeat method.@*RESULTS@#For 23 fetuses from the 21 families, 14 were identified as carriers, 1 as SMA patient, and 8 as normal. By linkage analysis of parental samples, three individuals were determined as silent (2+0) carriers.@*CONCLUSION@#MLPA can determine the carrier status of SMA. The identification of three silent (2+0) carriers among the 44 parental samples indicated a risk for such families, for which genetic counseling and reproduction guidance should be provided.
Subject(s)
Female , Humans , Pregnancy , Genetic Counseling , Heterozygote , Multiplex Polymerase Chain Reaction , Muscular Atrophy, Spinal/genetics , Prenatal Diagnosis , Survival of Motor Neuron 1 Protein/geneticsABSTRACT
Objective:To test the usefulness of PET-range verification (RV) method for proton radiation accuracy verification in poly (methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) phantom using off-line PET/CT scanning.Methods:Proton irradiation dose of 2 Gy and 4 Gy were delivered in PMMA phantom. Given the difference of clinical target volume (CTV), 7 subgroups with different depth (5.0, 7.5, 10.0, 12.5, 15.0, 17.5, 20.0 cm) were set for each dose (14 radiation plans or radiation fields). PET/CT scan was performed 10 min after irradiation of 48-221 MeV proton beam. A co-registration between CT from treatment planning system and PET/CT was performed, as well as the smoothing and normalization of PET/CT data. The region of interest (ROI) and profile lines were drawn with the Raystation PET-RV software. The predictive induced radioactivity and the measured induced radioactivity profile lines were analyzed to evaluate the Δ R50, namely, the error at the position corresponding to 50% of the maximum predictive induced radioactivity at the end of both curves. Results:The size of each ROI was 5.0 cm×5.0 cm×2.5 cm. Profile lines were evenly distributed with the interval of 3 mm, and totally 289 pairs of profile lines were drew. The 2 Gy- and 4 Gy-dose groups yielded similar mean depth errors (Δ R50 between 1 mm and -1 mm with a standard deviation <1 mm). Conclusions:The off-line PET/CT scanning of PMMA phantom reveals a good agreement between predicted and measured PET data, with error of ±1 mm. The PET-RV method can be extended to clinical cases′ verification in human body treatment with further investigation.
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Objective To establish an accurate simulation model for proton scanning beam using Monte Carlo (MC) code.Methods The MC model of proton scanning beam treatment nozzle was established by using MC code FLUKA combined with the geometric structure of the treatment nozzle in Shanghai Proton and Heavy Ion Center (SPHIC).The MC beam model was established through the simulation of the integrated depth dose distribution (IDD) in water and the lateral profile in air at the isocenter points.The model was used to simulate the depth and lateral dose profile of Spread Out Bragg Peak (SOBP) of proton beam.The calucated result were compared with TPS calculation values.Results For the distal R90,the deviations of simulation and measurement at all energies were less than 0.5 mm.For distal fall off (R80-20),the deviations between simulation and measurement at each energy were within 0.1 mm.The biggest difference between measurement and simulation of the proton beam spot size was within 0.45 mm.The result of simulation and TPS calculation of proton SOBP matched well,with the γ index pass rate being higher than 90％ (Criteria:2 mm,2％).Conclusions The MC code FLUKA can be used to model the nozzle of scanning proton beam,which can meet the clinical requirements and accurately simulate the proton beam transport in material.After construction and verification on the basis of measurement,this model can be used as a dose verification tool to evaluate clinical proton treatment plans,in order to reduce the beam time for dose verification and thus increase the number of patient treatment in proton therapy.
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Objective To construct a colon cancer chemotherapy-resistant cell line COLO,and study its characteristics and its relationship with tumor stem cells.Methods We constructed two 5-fluorouraci (5-FU)-resistant colon cancer cell line COLO/5-FU-1 and COLO/5-FU-2, which were resistant to 0.1 0 μmol/ml and 0.20 μmol/ml 5-FU respectively through gradiently increased drug concentration.The cha-racteristics of 5-FU-resistant cell lines were compared with parental colon cancer cell line COLO related to proli-feration,colony forming ability,migration and invasion,sphere forming ability,expression of stemness genes and cross drug-resistance.Results In the cell viability assay,4 days after regular training,the absorbancy of colon cancer 5-FU-resistant cell lines COLO/5-FU-2,COLO/5-FU-1 and parental colon cancer cell line COLO were 0.61 ±0.1 3,0.54 ±0.07 and 0.41 ±0.09 respectively,with significant difference (F =63.43,P =0.033).With the increased concentration of 5-FU,5-FU-resistant cell lines presented increasing clonality. The cloning efficiency of COLO/5-FU-2,COLO/5-FU-1 and parental colon cancer cell line COLO were (87.6 ±1 2.7)%,(65.3 ±9.7)% and (38.5 ±7.6)% respectively,with significant difference (F =33.64, P =0.01 7).In each high power field of vision,the cell numbers of migration through the basement membrane of COLO/5-FU-2,COLO/5-FU-1 and parental colon cancer cell line COLO were 482 ±39,434 ±45 and 373 ±38 respectively;and the cell numbers of invasion through the basement membrane were 1 74 ±42,1 1 2 ± 31 and 87 ±29 respectively,with significant differences (F =1 09.61 ,P =0.009;F =67.31 ,P =0.032). Compared with parental colon cancer cell line COLO,5-FU-resistant cell lines had higher expression of stem-ness genes (F =47.31 ,P =0.042).5-FU-resistant cell lines were cross-resistant to other chemotherapeutic drugs such as mitoxantrone.For example,after incubation for 96 hours,inhibition rate of mitoxantrone to parent colon cancer cell line COLO was higher significantly than COLO/5-FU-1 and COLO/5-FU-2 (0.749 ± 0.042,0.423 ±0.024,0.342 ±0.01 8),with significant difference (F =1 2.61 ,P =0.028).The micro-sphere forming rates of COLO/5-FU-2,COLO/5-FU-1 and parental colon cancer cell line COLO were (8.90 ± 0.97)%,(6.20 ±0.75)% and (3.90 ±0.32)% respectively,with significant difference (F =1 64.32,P =0.006).Conclusion Colon cancer drug-resistant cell line COLO possess tumor stem cell-like characteristics, which are enriched in cancer stem cells.
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A major reason for the failure of research and development for central nevous system(CNS)agents and acetylcholin?esterase reactivators is their inability to cross blood-brain barrier(BBB)to reach the brain. Mostly available agents have limited perme?ability via BBB to effectively treat CNS disorders. Hence,the major challenge in agents development and delivery for the neurological diseases is to overcome the main impediment for the brain agents delivery. In this review,we summarize each of these approaches, highlight their successes and obstacles,discuss transporters of potential targets for brain agents delivery,and provide an insight into some of recent advances made in brain agents delivery,in order to improve the potential utility of these compounds in therapeutics. The present review suggests that based on the structure and function of BBB,future work continue to focus more closely on molecular mechanisms that affect brain permeation,transporters and intracellular signaling pathways. Ultimately,the achievement of these stud?ies is to find safe and effective delivery strategies for administering agents to the brain and playing a therapeutic role.
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BACKGROUND:The majority of rheumatoid arthritis treatment is chronic anti-arthritis drugs, biological agents and plant drugs. Among them, plant drugs have been widely concerned due to low cost and few adverse effects. OBJECTIVE:To observe the expression of tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α) and interleukin-1β(IL-1β) in the synovium of col agen-induced arthritis rats, and explore the effect of Aconitum leucostomum Worosch. on the expression. METHODS:Forty-five rats were randomly divided into normal control group (8 rats) and model group (37 rats). The col agen-induced arthritis model was established with the injection of type II bovine col agen into the end of the tail and paws. After the success of modeling, the 24 successful model rats were randomly selected and divided into model group (8 rats), Tripterygium wolfprdi polyglycoside group (8 rats) and Aconitum leucostomum Worosch. group (8 rats). The arthritis index of the rats in the three intervention groups and one control group were evaluated weekly. After treated by intragastric administration for 4 weeks (Tripterygium wolfprdi polyglycoside group and Aconitum leucostomum Worosch. group were taken by the corresponding drug solution, model group and normal control group were taken by the same volume of physiological saline), the expressions of TNF-αand IL-1βin the synovium were tested by immunohistochemistry. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Compared with the model group, the arthritis index of mice in Tripterygium wolfprdi polyglycoside group and Aconitum leucostomum Worosch. group was decreased significantly after treatment (P<0.05). The expression levels of TNF-αand IL-1βin the synovium of model group were significantly higher than those of the normal control group (P<0.05). After treatment with Aconitum leucostomum Worosch. and Tripterygium wolfprdi polyglycoside, the expression levels of TNF-αand IL-1βin the synovium was decreased compared with the model group (P<0.05). Experimental findings indicated that, the mechanism that Aconitum leucostomum Worosch. treats rheumatoid arthritis is related to the inhibition of TNF-αand IL-1β.